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目的:对黄檀属植物中阔叶黄檀(Dalbergia latifolia)中的三萜类化学成分进行分离并对分离得到的单体化合物进行结构鉴定。方法:将阔叶黄檀心材50.0 kg,粉碎,用70%乙醇加热回流提取3次,每次2 h,合并滤液,减压回收溶剂得到浸膏。浸膏经水分散,通过石油醚、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯及水饱和正丁醇萃取,制备得到上述4个萃取部位。然后分别采用硅胶,LH-20羟丙基葡聚糖凝胶,C18色谱柱(ODS)及大孔吸附树脂等色谱分离技术对各个萃取部位进行化学成分分离。通过理化分析、波谱分析及质谱分析等手段,对分离得到的各单体化合物进行结构鉴定。结果:从阔叶黄檀中分离鉴定得到7个三萜类化合物,分别为3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl pomolic acid(1),β-sitostenone(2),β-sitosterol(3),豆甾醇(4),β-香树脂酸乙酸酯(5),β-香树脂醇-3-棕榈酸酯(6),3-乙酰齐墩果酸(7)。结论:化合物1,5,6为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物2,4为首次从该植物中分离得到。上述研究成果为进一步阐明阔叶黄檀药效物质基础提供了科学依据,同时为该植物资源综合开发利用打下了良好的基础。
OBJECTIVE: To separate the triterpene chemical constituents of Dalbergia latifolia from Dalbergia and to identify the structure of the isolated compounds. Methods: The hardwood heartwood 50.0 kg, crushed, with 70% ethanol heated refluxed three times, each 2 h, the combined filtrate, the solvent was recovered under reduced pressure to obtain extract. The extract was water-dispersed, extracted with petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and water-saturated n-butanol to prepare the above four extraction sites. Silica gel, LH-20 hydroxypropyl dextran gel, C18 column (ODS) and macroporous adsorption resin were used to separate the chemical constituents of each extraction site. Through the physical and chemical analysis, spectral analysis and mass spectrometry analysis, the structure of each monomer compound was identified. Results: Seven triterpenoids were isolated and identified from Dalbergia henryi, which were 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl pomolic acid (1) β-sitosterol (3), stigmasterol (4), β-amylacetate acetate (5), β-vanilinol-3- palmitate (6) . Conclusion: Compounds 1, 5 and 6 were isolated from this genus for the first time. Compounds 2 and 4 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The above research results provide a scientific basis for further elucidating the material basis of Dalbergia hesperia, and lay a good foundation for the comprehensive utilization of the plant resources.