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以盐岩为主的地层(包括盐膏岩地层)是出现井壁失稳的最主要的地层。我国大部分地区都存在着盐岩(或盐膏岩)地层,除了盐岩具有蠕变特性导致的井眼缩径,从而导致套管损坏、井眼报废等外,其主要原因是该段地层地应力存在各向异性。通过声波的方法研究盐岩地层的地应力是目前能够在试验室进行的简便方法,与其他各种地应力现场测量方法相比,声发射方法具有测量费用低,测量方法简便、快捷,不受现场条件限制等突出优点,因此特别适用于石油天然气开发以及矿山开采等大型工程的地应力测量。
The rock salt-dominated formations (including salt-gypsum rock formations) are the most important strata in which borehole instability occurs. In most parts of China, salt rock (or salt-gypsum rock) strata exist. The main reason that the salt rock has the creep characteristic of the borehole diameter reduction, which leads to casing damage and wellbore annihilation is mainly due to the formation Earth stress is anisotropic. It is a simple and convenient method to study the geostress of salt rock strata by the method of acoustic wave. Compared with other field stress measurement methods, the acoustic emission method has the advantages of low measurement cost, simple and fast measurement method, Site conditions and other prominent advantages, it is particularly applicable to the development of oil and gas and mining and other large projects of stress measurement.