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发动机缸体、变速器壳体、液压油缸等零件的特点是质量大,形状复杂,造价高,当其发生裂纹或其它损坏时,若不及时修理,将会使整个总成报废,造成极大的浪费。另有一些零件,如销子、齿轮等,由于单价不高,当它们磨损失效时,往往直接更换新件,长此以往,必然消耗巨大,其实它们也是可以修复再利用的。表面堆焊技术是零件表面修复技术的一种,就是利用手工电弧焊对受损零件的表面加以堆焊或修补,或经过机床加工,恢复零件的原有尺寸,必要时通过热处理改善其性能。评定修复层的主要指标为:1)修复层与基体金属的结合强度;2)修复层的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性;3)修复层对零件疲劳强度的影响。上述3项指标中结合强度是评定修复层质量的首要指标。
Engine cylinder, transmission housing, hydraulic cylinders and other parts of the characteristics of large quality, complex shape, high cost, when it cracks or other damage, if not repaired in time, will make the entire assembly scrapped, causing great waste. Some other parts, such as pins and gears, often have direct replacement of new parts due to their low unit price. In the long run, they will inevitably consume huge amounts of money. In fact, they can be repaired and reused. Surface surfacing technology is a part of the surface repair technology is to use the manual arc welding on the damaged parts of the surface to be surfacing or repair, or after the machine tool to restore the original size of the parts, if necessary, by heat treatment to improve its performance. The main indexes for evaluating the repaired layer are: 1) the bonding strength between the repaired layer and the base metal; 2) the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the repaired layer; and 3) the influence of the repaired layer on the fatigue strength of the part. The above three indicators of the bond strength is the primary indicator of the quality of the repaired layer.