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Objective:The aim of the study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of whole-course three-dimen-sional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) combined with late-course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (LCAFR) on patients with esophageal carcinoma.Methods:one hundred and one patients with esophageal carcinoma were divided into two groups.Observing group (49 cases) were treated by whole-course 3DCRT.Patients in control group (52 cases) were treated by conventional radiotherapy.Clinical efficiencies and radiation toxicities were compared between two groups.Re-sults:The side effects including radiation esophagitis (63.2%) and tracheitis (49.0%) decreased in observing group,but there was no significant difference between two groups (69.2% and 55.7% in controls).The 1-,2- and 3-year tumor local control rates and overall survival rates in the observing group were significantly improved compared with the control group,being respectively 87.8%,75.5%,63.3% vs 71.2%,55.8%,42.3% and 85.7%,71.4%,46.7% vs 69.2%,51.9%,26.9% (all P < 0.05).Conclusion:The therapeutic effect of whole-course 3DCRT combined with LCAFR for esophageal carcinomas is superior to conventional radiotherapy.