Pancreatic infection is an independent risk factor leading to death. Early prophylaxis, diagnosis and treat-ment are three keys to raise the survival rate. Strategies of prevention include prevention of bacteria translacation, fluid sequestration and antibiotic prophylaxis usage. The principal methods to decrease bacteria translocation are shortening of interval of intestinal iscbemia, decreasing of abdominal pressure, selective digestive decontamination and total enteral nutrition as early as possible. And strategy of controlling fluid resuscitation is the key point to decrease fluid sequestration. Early diagnostic criteria of pancreatic infection include at least 4 indexes of the following: white blood cell count, temperature, heart beat, intraabdominal pressure, procalcitonin, air bubble, blood pressure, prealbumin, total bilirubin and respiratory alkalosis, and addition of 2 weeks after the onset of the disease and exclusion of infection from other sites. If pancreatic infection has not been controlled by intensive nonoperative therapy for 48 hours, surgical intervention should be performed.