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转化医学是近年来提出的关于基础研究与临床密切结合的新概念,强调实现基础研究成果真正转化为临床实践,为疾病的诊断和治疗提供先进而有效的方法。胃癌是消化系统常见的恶性肿瘤,其早期诊断与治疗是转化医学研究的重点内容之一。microRNA(miRNA)是近年来发现的一类长约21-25个核苷酸的非编码单链小分子RNA,广泛存在于真核生物中。它的发现揭示了一种新的基因表达调控方式,为胃癌早期诊断与治疗的研究开辟了新路径。miRNA能够通过与靶基因特异性的结合使其降解或抑制其翻译,从而对靶基因进行转录后的表达调控。现有越来越多的研究发现,miRNA与了胃癌的发生、发展、治疗及预后都密切相关,此文从转化医学角度综述了miRNA在胃癌中对细胞周期、细胞凋亡、侵袭、转移、放化疗敏感性等的影响的研究进展。
Translational medicine is a new concept put forward in recent years about the close combination of basic research and clinical practice. It emphasizes that the achievements of basic research should be translated into clinical practice and provide advanced and effective methods for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system, and its early diagnosis and treatment are one of the focuses of translational medicine research. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of non-coding single-stranded small RNAs about 21-25 nucleotides found in recent years. They are widely found in eukaryotes. Its discovery reveals a new way of gene expression regulation, which opens up a new path for the study of early diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. miRNAs can regulate the expression of target genes after they are degraded or inhibited by their specific binding to the target genes. More and more researches have found that miRNAs are closely related to the occurrence, development, treatment and prognosis of gastric cancer. This article reviews the expression of miRNAs on cell cycle, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, Radiotherapy and chemotherapy sensitivity of the impact of research progress.