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在环境问题爆发的背景下,人类在客观世界中的生存与发展环境遭受到严重的破坏,人权所提倡的生存与发展内核在环境问题的肆虐之下也难以彰显。基于客观世界与生存发展的紧张关系,环境权作为人权的权利形态,对人类生存、发展环境提出了新的诉求。这种根植于人生存和发展的需求不仅仅是一项人权,基于其基本的、不可或缺的、独立的特性,环境权还具有基本权利属性。基本权利属性的价值判断又决定了环境权的确认方式及实现方式:一方面,环境权所保护的主体、客体、内容均是具有法定权利属性的,应当通过宪法、法律予以确认;另一方面,作为基本权利属性所隐含的社会权利属性,其实现方式则要求国家积极给付。基于以上三种基本属性,环境权的保障对国家提出应予以积极给付的权利要求。
Under the background of the outbreak of environmental problems, the environment for the survival and development of mankind in the objective world has been severely damaged. The nucleus of existence and development advocated by human rights is also hard to demonstrate under the raging environmental problems. Based on the tension between the objective world and survival and development, as the right form of human rights, environmental rights have put forward new demands on the survival and development environment of mankind. This need rooted in the survival and development of people is not merely a human right. Based on its basic, indispensable and independent nature, environmental rights also have basic rights. On the one hand, the subject, object and content protected by environmental rights are all legal rights and should be confirmed through the constitution and laws; on the other hand, the value judgments of the basic rights and properties determine the way of affirmation and realization of environmental rights: , As the attribute of social rights implied by the basic rights attributes, the way of realization requires that the state actively pay. Based on the above three basic attributes, the protection of environmental rights raises the right of the state to be positively paid.