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目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病筛查以及早期干预对母婴的影响。方法对2008年1月至2010年12月阳江市妇幼保健院进行产前检查并分娩的孕前健康,无合并症的901例孕妇资料进行回顾性分析,将不同孕周筛查出的GDM分为3组(早期干预组、中期干预组、晚期干预及未治组)进行母儿并发症的比较。结果 GDM的发病率为7.0%,糖耐量异常的发病率为6.0%,未经干预,糖耐量异常最终发展为GDM者为16.7%。早期及中期干预组较晚期干预及未治组GDM母儿并发症明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。晚期干预及未治组应用胰岛素治疗的孕妇较早期及中期干预组明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对GDM进行早期心理、饮食、运动及药物干预可降低妊娠期糖尿病的并发症及新生儿患病率。
Objective To investigate the influence of gestational diabetes screening and early intervention on maternal and infant. Methods A retrospective analysis of 901 healthy pregnant women without pre-pregnancy and prenatal check-up and maternity from January 2008 to December 2010 in Yangjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital was conducted. The GDM screened at different gestational weeks were divided into 3 groups (early intervention group, mid-term intervention group, late intervention group and no-treatment group). Results The incidence of GDM was 7.0%, and the incidence of impaired glucose tolerance was 6.0%. Without intervention, the incidence of GDM was 16.7%. Compared with the late intervention group and the control group, the complication of maternal and neonatal GDM in the untreated group was significantly lower, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Compared with the early intervention group and the intermediate intervention group, the late-intervention group and the control group treated with insulin did not show statistical significance (P <0.05). Conclusion GDM early psychological, diet, exercise and drug intervention can reduce the complications of gestational diabetes and neonatal morbidity.