一、“优胜基准”管理的含义 在20世纪70年代末80年代初,当时美国施乐公司总裁发现日本的复印机与自己的产品功能相同,但价格却大大低于施乐的产品,致使施乐的市场占有率从70年代中期的80％降到了70年代末的30％。施乐公司总裁不是简单地以压低原材料及产品价格来解决问题,而是派团到日本参观学习,了解日本厂商从原材料供应到生产制造的全过程,想从中找到一个“参照点”,从而明 First, the meaning of “superior benchmark” management In the late 1970s and early 1980s, when the president of Xerox Corporation found that Japan’s copiers and their products have the same function, but the price is much lower than Xerox’s products, resulting in Xerox’s market share The rate dropped from 80% in the mid-1970s to 30% in the late 1970s. Xerox president is not simply to reduce the prices of raw materials and products to solve the problem, but to send delegations to visit and study in Japan to understand the Japanese manufacturers from raw material supply to manufacturing the entire process, would like to find a “reference point”, thus Ming