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以薄壳山核桃品种苗'波尼'嫩芽为材料,采用常规压片法制片,比较不同的预处理方法、取材时间、固定时间、解离时间等因素对制片效果的影响.结果表明,晴天上午7:30～8:45或9:30采样,用0.01％秋水仙素处理4～6 h或用0.01％秋水仙素与2 mmol 8-羟基喹啉等体积混合液处理4～6 h,卡诺固定液固定2～24 h以上,再用1 mol/L盐酸60℃水浴解离7～9 min后压片是最佳制片方法.'波尼'染色体为2 n=32,核型不对称系数分别为62.07％,核型类型是2 B,核型公式为2 n=32=12 sm+18 m+2 T,染色体组成为2S+16M1+12M2+2L.“,”To establish the optimal approach for analyzing bud of Carya illinoinensis 'Pawnee', we compared different pretreatments, sampling times, fixation times and dissociation times during chromosome sectioning by applying traditional squash technique. The results showed that the optimal time was 7:30～8:45 and 9:30, the optimal pretreatment chemical was 0.01％ colchicine and the mixture of 0.01％ colchicine with 2 mmol8-oxyquinoline, and the pretreatment time is 4～6 h, then the buds were fixed with Carnoy solution for 6 h and dissociated by 1 mol/L HCl for 7～9 min at 60℃. Karyotype analysis of 'Pawnee' showed that the chromosome number is 32. It's index of As·K％ is 62.07％, and the karyotype asymmetry belongs to '2 B' type. The karyotype formula is 2 n=32=12 sm+18 m+2 T, chromosome composition of relative length was 2 S+16 M1+12 M2+2 L.