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[目的]了解青岛市黄岛区小学生的营养状况和常见病的患病情况。[方法]对青岛市黄岛区2003~2007年18所学校健康检查结果进行分析。[结果]黄岛区小学生常见病为视力低下、龋齿、肥胖、沙眼和营养不良,其中视力低下率为41.87%、龋患率为35.21%、肥胖率为31.60%、沙眼患病率为5.76%、营养不良率为4.15%。其中2003年与2007年视力低下、肥胖、沙眼患病率的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),其余年份间差异无统计学意义。不同室外活动时间视力低下率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。有无上网习惯与小学生视力低下率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。[结论]黄岛区小学生常见多发病为视力低下、龋齿和肥胖,相关部门应加强健康教育,降低其发病率。
[Objective] To understand the nutritional status of primary school students in Huangdao District of Qingdao and prevalence of common diseases. [Method] The results of 18 schools’ health examination in Huangdao District of Qingdao City from 2003 to 2007 were analyzed. [Results] The common diseases of pupils in Huangdao District were poor eyesight, dental caries, obesity, trachoma and malnutrition. The prevalence of vision loss was 41.87%, caries prevalence was 35.21%, obesity rate was 31.60%, trachoma prevalence was 5.76% Malnutrition rate was 4.15%. Among them, the difference of vision loss, obesity and trachoma in 2003 and 2007 were statistically significant (P <0.05 or P <0.01), but there was no significant difference in other years. The differences of visual acuity in different outdoor activities were statistically significant (P <0.01). There is no significant difference between internet habits and eyesight of primary school students (P <0.01). [Conclusion] The common primary morbidity of primary school students in Huangdao District is low vision, dental caries and obesity. Relevant departments should strengthen their health education and reduce their incidence.