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目的:了解唇腭裂患者的贫血状况,分析影响其贫血率的因素,为采取有效措施预防其发生贫血提供依据。方法:对2007年1月至2008年11月期间,在南京医科大学附属口腔医院治疗的346例唇腭裂患者进行调查统计分析,同时跟踪调查唇腭裂各项修复均在该院进行的12例患者修复前后红细胞(RBC)和血红蛋白(HGB)的变化。结果:将346例患者按畸型及治疗程度分为唇腭裂组(A)、单纯唇裂组(B)、腭裂组(C)和唇腭裂修复后组(D),各组的贫血率分别为43.6%、40.5%、19.7%和17.0%,其中A、B组贫血率均高于D组,但C组与D组贫血率无统计学差别。进行性别和城乡构成比标化后,除D组外,其它各组贫血率均高于该组段平均年龄对应的中国居民贫血率。未完全修复的唇腭裂患者的贫血率与性别和城乡差别之间无明显依存关系。在所有患者中,贫血81例,属小细胞低色素贫血的患者有44例,占54.3%。12例跟踪调查的唇腭裂患者,完全修复后HGB有显著性提高,RBC平均值修复前后均在正常范围内。结论:唇腭裂患者贫血的可能性增加,且贫血的主要类型为小细胞低色素贫血。应该对唇腭裂患者,尤其是较小年龄患者的家庭进行科学喂养的广泛宣传,并让他们注重含铁物质的摄入。
Objective: To understand the status of anemia in patients with cleft lip and palate and to analyze the factors that affect the rate of anemia, so as to provide evidence for effective measures to prevent anemia. Methods: From January 2007 to November 2008, 346 patients with cleft lip and palate treated at Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were surveyed and statistically analyzed. Twelve patients with cleft lip and palate repaired in this hospital were followed up Changes of erythrocyte (RBC) and hemoglobin (HGB) before and after repair. RESULTS: 346 patients were divided into cleft lip and palate group (A), cleft lip cleft group (B), cleft palate group (C) and cleft lip and palate cleft paw group (D). The rates of anemia in each group were 43.6 %, 40.5%, 19.7% and 17.0% respectively. The anemia rates in groups A and B were higher than those in group D, but there was no significant difference between groups C and D. After the gender and urban-rural comparisons were standardized, except for Group D, the anemia rates of other groups were all higher than those of Chinese residents with the average age of the group. There was no obvious relationship between the anemia rate and gender and the difference between urban and rural areas in patients with incompletely repaired cleft lip and palate. In all patients, anemia in 81 cases, a small cell hypochromic anemia in 44 patients, accounting for 54.3%. In 12 patients with cleft lip and palate who underwent follow-up investigation, the HGB after complete repair was significantly improved, and the average value of RBC was within the normal range before and after the repair. Conclusion: Anemia is more likely in patients with cleft lip and palate, and the main type of anemia is microcytic hypochromic anemia. Families of cleft lip and palate patients, especially those of younger age, should be widely publicized for scientific feeding and should be given attention to the intake of iron-containing substances.