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工读学校是以转变学生思想为主的特殊教育机构,加强学生的思想品德教育一直以来都是工读学校的首要任务。但是长期以来以道德认知理论为依据的德育活动在工读学校德育实践活动中成效不如预期,为此笔者根据工读学校学生的性格心理特点将关怀理论引入到工读学校德育活动中来。关怀理论认为关怀他人和被他人关怀都是人的基本需要,“关怀”是缓解工读学校学生心理及社会行为问题的根本,同时“关怀”也是构建工读学校德育活动的核心。工读学校在德育活动中应用关怀理论应该从德育目标的设定、德育课程的组织、德育方式的运用、德育环境的营造以及师生关系和生生关系的建立等几个主要方面入手,真正把“关怀”贯彻到德育活动的方方面面中去。
The work-study school is a special educational institution which is based on the change of student’s thinking. Strengthening the ideological and moral education of the students has always been the primary task of the work-study school. However, for a long time, the moral education activities based on the theory of moral cognition did not work as expected in the practice of moral education in work-study schools. Therefore, according to the personality traits of students at work-study schools, the author introduced the theory of care into the moral education in work-study schools. The caring theory holds that caring for others and caring for others are the basic needs of people. Caring is the basis for alleviating the psychological and social behaviors of students in participating schools. At the same time, caring is the core of constructing moral education in schools for reading students. The application of caring theory in moral education activities in work-study schools should start from several aspects such as the setting of moral education goals, the organization of moral education curriculum, the application of moral education, the construction of moral education environment, the establishment of teacher-student relationship and the relationship between students and students, “Care” to carry out all aspects of moral education activities to go.