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同学们, “焦点访谈”节目又和大家见面了，请细心关注本期节目。本期的焦点是：过去进行时的用法。
[焦点一] 什么是过去进行时？
[主持人] 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行或发生的动作。例如：
The students were reviewing their lessons this time yesterday.
学生们昨天这个时候正在复习功课。
Were you watching TV at nine last night? 昨晚九点钟你在看电视吗？
[焦点二] 如何准确判断何时使用过去进行时？
[主持人] 判断一个句子是否用过去进行时，主要有三种依据：
1. 依据典型的时间状语有：at nine o’clock; last night; at this/that time yesterday; from 7 to 10 yesterday morning; the whole evening等。
2. 熟记两个常见的句型：
1) 在句型“主语+was/were+v-ing+when+主语+v-ed”中，表示“短”时间的动作用v-ed; 表示时间“长”的动作用“was/were+v-ing”。例如：
The students were reading when the teacher came in. 当老师进来时学生们正在阅读。
2) 在句型“主语+v-ed/was(were)+v-ing+while+主语+was/were+v-ing”中，由于while只能用于指一段时间，所以从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，用过去进行时；而主句中的谓语动词如果是延续性的，则用过去进行时，如果是短暂性的，则用一般过去时。例如：
While I was watching TV, my sister was doing her homework.
当我正看电视的时候，我的妹妹正在做作业。 (watch和do都是延续性动词，故都用过去进行时)
While my mother was cooking, the telephone rang. 我妈妈正在做饭时电话响了。(ring是短暂性动词，故用一般过去时)
3. 根据上下文的语境来确定动词的时态，是近年来各类考试中命题的热点。例如：
——You were out when I dropped in at your house. 当我顺便去你家的时候你出去了。
——Oh, I was waiting for a friend from Nanjing at the train station.
噢，我正在火车站等我来自南京的一个朋友。
[焦点三] 一般过去时与过去进行时有何不同?
[主持人] 一般过去时与过去进行时是极易混淆的两种时态，要想准确地了解它们的区别，可以从以下几个方面进行比较。
1. 时间状语不同
过去进行时常见的时间状语在上面已作归纳，而一般过去时的典型时间状语有：yesterday (morning, afternoon, evening), last night(week, year等), an hour ago, the day before yesterday, in 1999, long long ago等。
2. 强调动作的角度不同
一般过去时强调动作的“发生”或状态的“存在”；而过去进行时强调动作“正在进行”的延续性。试体会：
I got up at six this morning. 今天早晨我六点钟起床。
My mother was doing some washing the whole day last Sunday.
上周日我妈妈一整天都在洗衣服。
3. 动词特点不同
静态动词只用于一般过去时，不用于过去进行时。这类动词常见的有：
1) 表示感觉的动词，如：feel, hear, see, smell, taste等。
2) 表示状态、感情的动词，如：be, hate, love, like等。
3) 表示心理活动的词，如：remember, understand等。
4) 表示所属关系的动词，如：own, belong等。
一般过去时的谓语动词既可用延续性动词，也可用非延续性动词；而过去进行时的谓语动词只能用延续性动词。
4. 情感不同
一般过去时是对过去事实的客观描述，语气比较客观、肯定；过去进行时有时也可表示赞美、厌烦等情绪，带有描绘性和感情色彩。试体会：
My father came home late. 我父亲回来得很晚。(说明客观事实)
My father was always coming home late. 我父亲总是很晚才回来。(带有埋怨情绪，指责某人的一贯行径)
[焦点四] 过去进行时和现在进行时有何区别？
[主持人] 过去进行时与现在进行时也是极易混淆的两种时态，它们的区别如下：
1. 时间范围不同。过去进行时强调的是过去的“某时某刻”或“某个阶段”；而现在进行时强调的是“此时此刻”或“现阶段”。例如：
The students are doing their homework now. 学生们现在正在做作业。
The students were doing their homework this time yesterday.
学生们昨天这个时候正在做作业。
2. 助动词be的形式不同。在现在进行时中，根据不同人称，be可以用am, is, are。而在过去进行时中，be则用was, were。
3. 时间状语不同。过去进行时常用this time yesterday, at that time, from…to…，yesterday morning等，或通常用when和while引导的时间状语从句来说明“过去某时刻或某段时间正在做……”。而现在进行时常用now, these days, right now, at the moment等时间状语来说明“现在正在做……”。例如：
Now she is doing her homework. But she was watching TV this time yesterday.
现在她正在做作业。但她昨天这个时候正在看电视。
[小试牛刀]
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Mr. Wang ____(mend) his bike at that time.
2. My mother ____(wash) clothes when I got home yesterday evening.
3. The children ____(sing) under the tree at eight o’clock yesterday morning.
4. Look!What ____ the boys ____(do) over there?
5. When I ____(see) Jack yesterday afternoon, he wasn’t writing anything.
二、下列句子均有一处错误，请指出并改正。
1. The twins was playing games at that time.
2. Did they reading English at half past seven yesterday morning?
3. Was you doing your homework when the teacher came in?
4. When I visited Mr. Brown, he was hasing supper.
5. When we saw them, they were play football on the playground.
三、将下列句子译成英语。
1. 今天早晨妈妈正在做饭，这时电话铃响了。
___________________________________________________
2. 昨天这个时候我在打篮球。
___________________________________________________
3. 那些天赵先生一直在写一本书。
___________________________________________________
4. 昨天下午五点钟他们在游泳吗？
____________________________________________________
5. 今天上午8：00到10：00她在看电视。
____________________________________________________
四、选择正确答案。
1. ——I knocked into a tree when I went to the railway station for my friend.
——I suppose you ____ too fast.
A. drive B. are driving C. drove D. were driving
2. When I went to say goodbye to Anna, she ____ the piano.
A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D. played
3. I first met Lisa three years ago when we ____ at a radio station together.
A. have worked B. had been working C. were working D. had worked
4. Girls like eating snacks in bed while they ____ funny cartoon (卡通) books.
A. were enjoying B. are enjoying C. enjoyed D. are going to enjoy
5. I ____ my homework while my parents ____ TV last night.
A. did; have watched B. was doing; were watching
C. had done; were watching D. would do; were watching
6. My sister ____ her book in the classroom when her teacher came in.
A. read B. reads C. was reading D. is reading
Key(2)
[焦点一] 什么是过去进行时？
[主持人] 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行或发生的动作。例如：
The students were reviewing their lessons this time yesterday.
学生们昨天这个时候正在复习功课。
Were you watching TV at nine last night? 昨晚九点钟你在看电视吗？
[焦点二] 如何准确判断何时使用过去进行时？
[主持人] 判断一个句子是否用过去进行时，主要有三种依据：
1. 依据典型的时间状语有：at nine o’clock; last night; at this/that time yesterday; from 7 to 10 yesterday morning; the whole evening等。
2. 熟记两个常见的句型：
1) 在句型“主语+was/were+v-ing+when+主语+v-ed”中，表示“短”时间的动作用v-ed; 表示时间“长”的动作用“was/were+v-ing”。例如：
The students were reading when the teacher came in. 当老师进来时学生们正在阅读。
2) 在句型“主语+v-ed/was(were)+v-ing+while+主语+was/were+v-ing”中，由于while只能用于指一段时间，所以从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，用过去进行时；而主句中的谓语动词如果是延续性的，则用过去进行时，如果是短暂性的，则用一般过去时。例如：
While I was watching TV, my sister was doing her homework.
当我正看电视的时候，我的妹妹正在做作业。 (watch和do都是延续性动词，故都用过去进行时)
While my mother was cooking, the telephone rang. 我妈妈正在做饭时电话响了。(ring是短暂性动词，故用一般过去时)
3. 根据上下文的语境来确定动词的时态，是近年来各类考试中命题的热点。例如：
——You were out when I dropped in at your house. 当我顺便去你家的时候你出去了。
——Oh, I was waiting for a friend from Nanjing at the train station.
噢，我正在火车站等我来自南京的一个朋友。
[焦点三] 一般过去时与过去进行时有何不同?
[主持人] 一般过去时与过去进行时是极易混淆的两种时态，要想准确地了解它们的区别，可以从以下几个方面进行比较。
1. 时间状语不同
过去进行时常见的时间状语在上面已作归纳，而一般过去时的典型时间状语有：yesterday (morning, afternoon, evening), last night(week, year等), an hour ago, the day before yesterday, in 1999, long long ago等。
2. 强调动作的角度不同
一般过去时强调动作的“发生”或状态的“存在”；而过去进行时强调动作“正在进行”的延续性。试体会：
I got up at six this morning. 今天早晨我六点钟起床。
My mother was doing some washing the whole day last Sunday.
上周日我妈妈一整天都在洗衣服。
3. 动词特点不同
静态动词只用于一般过去时，不用于过去进行时。这类动词常见的有：
1) 表示感觉的动词，如：feel, hear, see, smell, taste等。
2) 表示状态、感情的动词，如：be, hate, love, like等。
3) 表示心理活动的词，如：remember, understand等。
4) 表示所属关系的动词，如：own, belong等。
一般过去时的谓语动词既可用延续性动词，也可用非延续性动词；而过去进行时的谓语动词只能用延续性动词。
4. 情感不同
一般过去时是对过去事实的客观描述，语气比较客观、肯定；过去进行时有时也可表示赞美、厌烦等情绪，带有描绘性和感情色彩。试体会：
My father came home late. 我父亲回来得很晚。(说明客观事实)
My father was always coming home late. 我父亲总是很晚才回来。(带有埋怨情绪，指责某人的一贯行径)
[焦点四] 过去进行时和现在进行时有何区别？
[主持人] 过去进行时与现在进行时也是极易混淆的两种时态，它们的区别如下：
1. 时间范围不同。过去进行时强调的是过去的“某时某刻”或“某个阶段”；而现在进行时强调的是“此时此刻”或“现阶段”。例如：
The students are doing their homework now. 学生们现在正在做作业。
The students were doing their homework this time yesterday.
学生们昨天这个时候正在做作业。
2. 助动词be的形式不同。在现在进行时中，根据不同人称，be可以用am, is, are。而在过去进行时中，be则用was, were。
3. 时间状语不同。过去进行时常用this time yesterday, at that time, from…to…，yesterday morning等，或通常用when和while引导的时间状语从句来说明“过去某时刻或某段时间正在做……”。而现在进行时常用now, these days, right now, at the moment等时间状语来说明“现在正在做……”。例如：
Now she is doing her homework. But she was watching TV this time yesterday.
现在她正在做作业。但她昨天这个时候正在看电视。
[小试牛刀]
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Mr. Wang ____(mend) his bike at that time.
2. My mother ____(wash) clothes when I got home yesterday evening.
3. The children ____(sing) under the tree at eight o’clock yesterday morning.
4. Look!What ____ the boys ____(do) over there?
5. When I ____(see) Jack yesterday afternoon, he wasn’t writing anything.
二、下列句子均有一处错误，请指出并改正。
1. The twins was playing games at that time.
2. Did they reading English at half past seven yesterday morning?
3. Was you doing your homework when the teacher came in?
4. When I visited Mr. Brown, he was hasing supper.
5. When we saw them, they were play football on the playground.
三、将下列句子译成英语。
1. 今天早晨妈妈正在做饭，这时电话铃响了。
___________________________________________________
2. 昨天这个时候我在打篮球。
___________________________________________________
3. 那些天赵先生一直在写一本书。
___________________________________________________
4. 昨天下午五点钟他们在游泳吗？
____________________________________________________
5. 今天上午8：00到10：00她在看电视。
____________________________________________________
四、选择正确答案。
1. ——I knocked into a tree when I went to the railway station for my friend.
——I suppose you ____ too fast.
A. drive B. are driving C. drove D. were driving
2. When I went to say goodbye to Anna, she ____ the piano.
A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D. played
3. I first met Lisa three years ago when we ____ at a radio station together.
A. have worked B. had been working C. were working D. had worked
4. Girls like eating snacks in bed while they ____ funny cartoon (卡通) books.
A. were enjoying B. are enjoying C. enjoyed D. are going to enjoy
5. I ____ my homework while my parents ____ TV last night.
A. did; have watched B. was doing; were watching
C. had done; were watching D. would do; were watching
6. My sister ____ her book in the classroom when her teacher came in.
A. read B. reads C. was reading D. is reading
Key(2)