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碳纳米管高分子化是发展高性能的聚合物基纳米功能材料的重要研究方向,本文从“grafting-to”和“grafting-from”两种方式对聚合物接枝碳纳米管的最新进展进行了系统综述。“Grafting-to”方法主要包括羧基衍生反应(酰化、酯化)、加成反应(大分子自由基加成、叠氮环加成)和硫醇偶联反应。“Grafting-from”方法包括普通自由基聚合、可控/活性自由基聚合、离子聚合、开环聚合和逐步聚合反应,其中碳纳米管表面引发活性自由基聚合进一步分为原子转移自由基聚合、氮氧稳定自由基聚合和可逆加成-断链转移聚合。此外,本文还简述了碳纳米管自身的聚合反应,并探讨了目前聚合物修饰碳纳米管所面临的问题和今后的发展方向。
Polymers of carbon nanotubes are important research directions for the development of high performance polymer-based nanofunctional materials. In this paper, polymer grafted carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were grafted from both grafting-to and grafting- The latest progress of a systematic review. The “Grafting-to” method mainly includes carboxyl derivative reaction (acylation, esterification), addition reaction (macromolecule radical addition, azide ring addition) and thiol coupling reaction. The methods of “Grafting-from” include ordinary radical polymerization, controlled / living radical polymerization, ionic polymerization, ring-opening polymerization and gradual polymerization. The living radical polymerization initiated on the surface of the carbon nanotubes is further divided into atom transfer radical Polymerization, nitroxide-stabilized radical polymerization and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. In addition, this article also briefly described the polymerization of carbon nanotubes themselves, and discussed the current problems faced by polymer-modified carbon nanotubes and the future direction of development.