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灰色关联分析方法可对各影响因素重要程度进行量化比较,为降低爆破地震效应提供依据。首先对灰色关联分析的原理和灰色关联矩阵的计算进行分析,然后以岩体完整性系数为标准,将爆破地震波传播途径的地质条件进行量化并分为5类,以距离、总药量、单段最大药量、段数、微差延时、爆破方向、高程差、地质条件为相关因素变量,以峰值振速、主振频率、持续时间为系统特征变量,并从爆破试验结果中选取9组数据作为分析样本进行灰色关联矩阵计算。结果表明,影响爆破地震效应因素的主次顺序为距离、单段最大药量、总药量、微差延时、爆破方向、高程差、段数、地质条件,距离和单段最大药量起决定性作用。依据研究结果提出了降低单段最大药量、选择合适微差延时、调整爆破方向和改变地质条件4项降低峰值振速的措施。在爆破验证试验中采取了降低单段最大药量,调整爆破方向和改变地质条件3项措施。测试结果表明,采取措施后监测点A点和B点的峰值振速分别降低了12.16%和15 15%,主振频率和持续时间略微减小,降振措施是有效的。
Gray relational analysis method can quantify and compare the degree of importance of each influencing factor, and provide the basis for reducing the seismic effect of blasting. Firstly, the principle of gray relational analysis and the calculation of gray relational matrix are analyzed. Then, based on the rock integrity coefficient, the geological conditions of blasting seismic wave transmission are quantified and divided into five categories. The distance, total dose, The maximum dose, number of segments, time delay, blasting direction, elevation difference and geological conditions were related variables. The peak vibration velocity, main vibration frequency and duration were selected as system variables and 9 groups were selected from the results of blasting test Data were analyzed as gray incidence matrix. The results show that the primary and secondary factors influencing the seismic effect of blasting are decisive in distance, single-stage maximum dose, total dose, differential delay, blasting direction, elevation difference, number of sections, geological conditions, distance and single- effect. According to the research results, the measures to reduce the maximum dose of a single stage, select the appropriate delay, adjust the direction of blasting and change the geological conditions to reduce the peak velocity are proposed. In the blasting test, three measures were taken to reduce the maximum dose of a single stage, adjust the blasting direction and change the geological conditions. The test results show that the peak vibration velocities of point A and point B of the monitoring points are reduced by 12.16% and 15 15% respectively after the measures are taken, and the main vibration frequency and the duration decrease slightly, and the vibration reduction measures are effective.