党的十五大提出,要继续推进政治体制改革。政企分开和机构改革是继续推进政治体制改革的重要内容。早在十多年前,我们就已提出这两项改革,为什么今天又进一步强调呢?这一方面说明这两项改革的长期性和艰巨性,另一方面说明在总结十多年改革经验的基础上,我们的认识有了新进展,改革取向上有了新思路。关于政企分开。经过十多年的改革,政企分开的重要性和艰巨性愈来愈被人们所认识。政企分开是经济体制改革和政治体制改革的结合部。正如邓小平指出的,“企业下放,政企分开,是经济体制改革,也 The 15th National Party Congress proposed that we must continue to advance the reform of the political system. Separation of government and enterprises and institutional reforms are important elements in continuing to advance the reform of the political system. As early as more than a decade ago, we have put forward these two reforms. Why do we stress them further today? This aspect shows the long-term nature and arduousness of these two reforms. On the other hand, it shows that we have summarized more than a decade of reform experience. On the basis of this, we have made new progress in our understanding and we have new ideas on the reform orientation. About the separation of government and enterprises. After more than a decade of reforms, the importance and arduousness of the separation of government and enterprises have become more and more recognized by people. Separation of government and enterprises is a combination of economic system reform and political system reform. As Deng Xiaoping pointed out, “Decentralization of enterprises, separation of government from enterprises, and economic restructuring are also