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相对于浸泡式冷却和制冷机冷却的磁体或线圈,CICC导体具有高冷却效率、高稳定性和高强度、可绕制成大尺寸线圈等特性,被广泛应用于加速器及核聚变等大科学装置中。目前,用于制备CICC的超导材料Nb Ti和Nb3Sn都属于低温超导材料,其中Nb3Sn制备的CICC可以在13T左右的磁场中使用,较具代表性的如ITER中心螺旋管线圈。未来聚变堆中需要更高的磁场来约束高能量密度等离子体,这不仅要求超导材料具有高场载流能力,也需要更好的机械性能来抵抗更大电磁力造成的应变。现有低温超导材料已无法满足这些要求,需要发展可用于CICC的新型超导材料予以替代。文中主要介绍了Bi2212和YBCO两种高温CICC导体的研究现状,以及将来可采取的工程质量控制方法。
CICC conductors are widely used in large scientific devices such as accelerators and fusion due to their high cooling efficiency, high stability and high strength, as compared with those of coils or coils cooled by immersed cooling and refrigerators. in. At present, the superconducting materials Nb Ti and Nb3Sn used in the preparation of CICC belong to the low-temperature superconducting materials. Among them, the CICC prepared by Nb3Sn can be used in a magnetic field of about 13T, such as the coil of the ITER central coil. In the future, higher magnetic fields are required in the fusion reactor to constrain the high-energy-density plasma, which not only requires superconducting materials to have high field current carrying capacity but also better mechanical properties to withstand the strains caused by the greater electromagnetic force. Existing low temperature superconducting materials have not been able to meet these requirements and there is a need to develop new superconducting materials that can be used in CICC. This paper mainly introduces the research status of two high temperature CICC conductors, Bi2212 and YBCO, and the engineering quality control methods that can be adopted in the future.