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随着经济环境、市场态势、反垄断价值目标的变化和主流经济思潮的更替,美国反垄断违法判定原则经历了从“本身违法”到“合理推定”的演进。20世纪70年代末期以来,美国反垄断法适用有所宽松,本身违法原则的适用范围有所减小,合理推定原则适用增多,并且在反垄断政策的实施中,法院开始不再明确区分这两大原则,而是同时考虑这两个原则,逐步实现了由二元判定模式向一元序列判定模式的转变。美国反垄断违法判定原则的演进历程对中国反垄断政策的制定和实施具有一定的启示作用。
With the change of the economic environment, the market trend, the change of antitrust value target and the change of the mainstream economic trend of thought, the principle of the United States antitrust violations has undergone the evolution from “itself breaking the law ” to “reasonable presumption ”. Since the late 1970s, the application of the anti-monopoly law in the United States has been somewhat relaxed. The scope of application of the principle of per se illegality has been reduced. The application of the principle of reasonable presumption has increased. In the implementation of antitrust policy, the courts have begun to no longer distinguish between the two Principle, but at the same time consider these two principles, and gradually realized by the binary decision mode to a one-sentence sequence decision mode change. The evolution of the principle of the United States antitrust violations has some enlightenment on the formulation and implementation of China’s antitrust policy.