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一、革兰氏阳性球菌群感染的抬头在抗菌素广泛应用于临床的40年间,病原菌发生了重大变化。细菌感染中以绿脓杆菌、沙雷氏菌、肠杆菌和非发酵菌等弱毒性革兰氏阴性杆菌为代表的感染为多见。随着包括第二、三代头孢菌素在内的新型β内酰胺类及新喹诺酮类药物的出现,从八十年代初开始革兰氏阳性球菌感染受到重视。以MRSA为代表,还出现了耐青霉素肺炎球菌、高度氨基甙类耐药肠球菌等。肠球菌对头孢菌素类耐药,而对氨苄青霉素敏感,但屎肠球菌、鸟肠球菌、溶血性
First, the rise of Gram-positive cocci infection in the antibiotic widely used in clinical 40 years, the pathogen has undergone major changes. Bacterial infections in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and non-fermentative bacteria and other weakly virulent Gram-negative bacilli as the more common infection. With the emergence of new β-lactams and new quinolones, including the second and third generation cephalosporins, Gram-positive cocci infections have been receiving attention since the early 1980s. Representative of MRSA, also appeared penicillin-resistant pneumococci, a high degree of amino-glycoside-resistant enterococci. Enterococci are resistant to cephalosporins but sensitive to ampicillin, but Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecium, hemolytic