日本对外贸易自1981年以来一直顺差,而且顺差增长幅度很大。但是,到1987财政年度,日本的贸易顺差从上一年的899亿美元下降到760.2亿美元,这是六年来第一次出现顺差下降。同时,日本的进口总额比上一年增长29.2％,达到1619.2亿美元,进口增加也是三年来的第一次。日本贸易顺差下降的主要原因是:1.为了增强在世界市场上的竞争能力,日本出口商品在价格方面有所下降,造成产品出口量减少;2.由于日元升值,进口商品价格相对降低,为促进国内需求政府采取紧急经济措施增加 Japan’s foreign trade has been a surplus since 1981, and the surplus has increased significantly. However, by fiscal year 1987, Japan’s trade surplus fell from US$89.9 billion in the previous year to US$76.02 billion, which was the first time in six years that the surplus has declined. At the same time, Japan’s total imports increased by 29.2% over the previous year, reaching US$161.92 billion. The increase in imports was also the first time in three years. The main reasons for the decline in Japan’s trade surplus are: 1. In order to increase its competitiveness in the world market, Japan’s exports have fallen in price, resulting in a reduction in the volume of exports; 2. The relative decrease in the prices of imported goods due to the appreciation of the yen. Increased government emergency economic measures to boost domestic demand