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提出一种新型宽带、结构紧凑的基片集成波导(SIW)背腔阵列天线的设计方法。所设计的SIW阵列由紧密相连的背腔构成馈电网络,每个背腔上开宽缝作为辐射单元。SIW背腔天线单元紧密排列,主要通过单元间感性耦合窗耦合馈电。SIW背腔既是辐射单元又能实现能量分配,不需加载额外的馈电网络,因此该阵列结构十分紧凑。工作在20 GHz频段的2×2 SIW耦合馈电阵和4×4 SIW耦合馈电阵已加工实现,仿真和测试结果表明所提出的SIW阵列设计方法简单、阵列结构紧凑、天线辐射性能良好。另外,本文研究了高增益大规模阵列天线的组阵方法。在2×2 SIW耦合馈电阵的基础上,采用8×8 SIW并联馈电网络加载天线子阵的方法设计了16×16宽带高增益SIW阵列天线并进行了加工测试。结果表明,采用这种组阵方法,天线阵阵元排布紧密,天线具有带宽宽、增益高、损耗低等优点。
A new design method of broadband and compact SIW array antenna is proposed. The designed SIW array consists of closely connected back cavities that form the feed network with wide open slits on each back cavity as the radiating element. SIW back cavity antenna unit closely arranged, mainly through the inter-unit coupling coupling inductive coupling. The SIW back cavity is both a radiating element and an energy distribution, eliminating the need to load additional feed networks, so the array is compact. The 2 × 2 SIW coupled feedforward and 4 × 4 SIW coupled feedforces operating in the 20 GHz band have been processed. The simulation and test results show that the proposed SIW array design method is simple, the array structure is compact and the antenna radiation performance is good. In addition, this paper studies the high-gain large-scale array antenna array method. Based on the 2 × 2 SIW coupled feed array, a 16 × 16 wideband high gain SIW array antenna is designed and fabricated by 8 × 8 SIW parallel feed network. The results show that, with this array method, the antenna array elements are closely arranged, the antenna has the advantages of wide bandwidth, high gain and low loss.