“物竞天择,适者生存”。这是对竞争最概括最全面的表述。竞争是一个经济学概念,也是一个法学概念。但是,法学意义上的竞争一般也是以经济学上的竞争观念为基础的。因此,要想通过法律有效保护竞争,也必须运用经济学的理论对竞争和垄断作全面的系统的分析。本文通过分析竞争与垄断的关系探讨反垄断法反对垄断保护竞争,服务经济发展的作用。 “Natural selection, survival of the fittest”. This is the most comprehensive statement of competition. Competition is an economic concept, but also a legal concept. However, the competition in the legal sense is generally based on the concept of economic competition. Therefore, in order to effectively protect the competition through the law, we must also make a comprehensive and systematic analysis of competition and monopoly by using economic theory. By analyzing the relationship between competition and monopoly, this article discusses the role of antitrust law against monopoly to protect competition and service economic development.