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我们关于肿瘤病因的看法兜进了一个大而缓慢的循环。大约本世纪初,德国生物学家Boveri就首先提出,染色体异常是致癌关键。然而近数月来,人们的注意力又重新集中在癌基因上面了(癌基因是指在肿瘤形成过程中起作用的正常细胞基因)。癌基因存在于某些动物肿瘤病毒、动物及人类两者的组织和肿瘤中。用现代分子遗传学方法,包括基因克隆、转录和序列编排等所做的研究表明,这些动物肿瘤病毒的特异基因与某些人类肿瘤的特异基因非常相似,甚至是一模一样的。什么类型的人类肿瘤是遗传的呢?第
Our view of the cause of cancer has entered into a large, slow cycle. Around the turn of the century, German biologist Boveri first proposed that chromosomal abnormalities are the key to carcinogenesis. However, in recent months, people’s attention has refocused on oncogenes (oncogenes are normal cell genes that play a role in tumor formation). Oncogenes are present in tissues and tumors of certain animal oncoviruses, both animals and humans. Research done using modern methods of molecular genetics, including gene cloning, transcription, and sequence editing, shows that the specific genes of these animal oncoviruses are very similar to those of certain human tumors, and they are even identical. What type of human tumor is genetic?