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特区模式是我国“中央主导的政策实验”转型模式的成功典型。该模式制度转型的起点是中央政府,转型的成功取决于转型政策的制定者、决策者和推动者以及相关当事人转型知识和共同知识的积累。特区的先行先试过程就是转型学习的过程,制度形成和演进是改革家集体学习、改革家领导下的“干中学”以及二者互动和结合的结果。为此,改革家需要有很强的学习精神和转型学习的禀赋,而学习精神是改革家精神的重要组成。学习效应的不同最终带来市场经济制度和意识形态分布的空间差异以及特区经济发展的绩效差异。
The SAR model is a successful example of China’s transitional mode of “central-led policy experiment.” The starting point for this model system transformation is the central government. The success of the transition depends on the accumulation of transitional knowledge and common knowledge among the transitional policymakers, decision makers and facilitators, and relevant parties. The pre-emptive process of the SEZs is the process of transitional learning. The formation and evolution of the system are the result of the “learning by doing” under the leadership of the reformers and the interaction and combination between the two. To this end, the reformers need a strong learning spirit and a talent for transformational learning, and learning spirit is an important part of the reformer spirit. Differences in learning outcomes eventually bring about the spatial differences in market economic system and ideological distribution as well as the performance differences in economic development in the SEZs.