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一、亲缘种物种是生物在自然界客观存在的基本单元。一般来说,物种之间形态上具有比较明显的区别。然而,自然界发现一些形态上十分酷似而生殖上互相隔离的(同域分布)种群——亲缘种(sibling species),这是物种在自然界一种特殊的存在形式。1942年,Mayr把亲缘种定义为:形态上相似或几乎一致的,而在生殖彼此隔离的自然种群。此后,亲缘种的研究为分类学家所关注,从无脊椎动物到脊椎动物都发现了许多亲缘种。
First, kinship species is an objective unit of biological existence in nature. In general, the morphological differences between species have obvious differences. However, in nature, there are some species (sibling species) that are closely resembled morphologically and are isolated from each other in the genus (sibling species). This is a special existence of species in nature. In 1942, Mayr defined kinship as a natural population that is morphologically similar or nearly identical and isolated from each other in reproduction. Since then, studies of kinship have been of interest to taxonomists, and many species of relatives have been found from invertebrates to vertebrates.