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目的:观察补肾活血中药对豚鼠噪声性听损伤的防治作用。方法:将豚鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、预防组和治疗组。后3组豚鼠暴露在频率为4kHz强度为110dB SPL的稳态白噪声中6h×6天。预防组和治疗组分别于噪声暴露前7天和噪声暴露结束后给予中药灌胃,预防组同期灌胃相同剂量的生理盐水,正常组不予给药,均连续13天。以听性脑干诱发电位(ABR)评价各组豚鼠听功能的变化;耳蜗基底膜铺片计数比较外毛细胞损伤率;扫描电镜观察耳蜗毛细胞形态学变化;耳蜗螺旋韧带铺片观察血管纹充盈情况。结果:与模型组和治疗组比较,预防组豚鼠的ABR阈值、毛细胞损伤率均明显降低(P<0.05),波潜伏期显著缩短(P<0.01),电镜下毛细胞受损程度较轻,光镜下血管纹呈轻度缺血;与模型组比较,治疗组豚鼠的ABR阈值明显降低(P<0.05),波潜伏期显著缩短(P<0.01),但毛细胞损伤率无明显差异(P>0.05);电镜下两组毛细胞损伤程度均较重,但光镜下血管纹缺血程度相对较轻。结论:补肾活血方对噪声性听力损伤具有显著的预防作用,在改善听功能方面具有一定的治疗作用,预防效果明显优于治疗效果。
Objective: To observe the preventive and therapeutic effects of Bushen Huoxue Chinese medicine on noise-induced hearing impairment in guinea pigs. Methods: Guinea pigs were randomly divided into normal control group, model control group, prevention group and treatment group. The latter three groups of guinea pigs were exposed to steady-state white noise with a frequency of 4 kHz and an intensity of 110 dB SPL for 6 h × 6 days. The prophylaxis group and the treatment group were given gavage 7 days before noise exposure and noise exposure respectively. The prophylaxis group was given the same dose of saline at the same period, and the normal group was given no medication for 13 consecutive days. The auditory brainstem response potential (ABR) was used to evaluate the changes of auditory function in guinea pigs. The cochlear basilar membrane count was used to compare the damage rate of outer hair cells. The morphological changes of cochlear hair cells were observed with scanning electron microscopy. Filling situation. Results: Compared with the model group and the treatment group, the ABR threshold and hair cell damage rate of guinea pigs in prevention group were significantly decreased (P <0.05), wave latency was significantly shortened (P <0.01), the damage of hair cells was lighter under electron microscope, Compared with the model group, the ABR threshold of the guinea pigs in the treatment group was significantly lower (P <0.05) and the wave latency was significantly shorter (P <0.01), but there was no significant difference in hair cell damage rate (P > 0.05). Under the electron microscope, the degree of hair cell damage in the two groups were both severe, but the degree of ischemic rupture was lighter in the light microscope. Conclusion: Bushen Huoxue Recipe has a significant preventive effect on noise-induced hearing impairment and has a certain therapeutic effect in improving auditory function. The preventive effect is obviously better than the therapeutic effect.