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堆焊是在工件的表面或边缘熔敷一层耐磨、耐热、耐腐蚀等性能金属层的焊接工艺。通过堆焊可以修复旧的金属零件,从而达到延长零件使用寿命、降低成本的目的。本文以手工电弧焊堆焊推土机减速器齿轮为例,阐述该种修复工艺。推土机减速器齿轮的材质大多是20CrNi3或18CrMnTi锻钢,热处理后齿轮的硬度为50～54HRC。根据技术要求,采用焊条电弧堆焊修复齿轮工艺如下:1.堆焊前准备(1)清洗并处理齿面焊前清洗齿面,并用角向砂轮打磨齿面,使齿面露出金属光泽,同时检查齿面,不得有裂纹。(2)准备焊条选用E5016或E5017焊条堆焊底层,选用A102不锈钢焊条堆焊表层。焊条使用前应按规定进行烘干,碱性低氢结构钢焊条应在350～400℃烘干1～2h。烘干的焊条放在100～150℃保温箱内,随取随用。
Surfacing is welding the surface or edge of the workpiece with a layer of wear-resistant, heat-resistant, corrosion-resistant and other performance metal layer welding process. By welding can repair the old metal parts, so as to extend the service life of parts, reduce costs. This article manual arc welding surfacing bulldozers gear reducer, for example, describes the kind of repair process. Bulldozers reducer gear materials are mostly 20CrNi3 or 18CrMnTi forging steel, gear hardness after heat treatment of 50 ~ 54HRC. According to technical requirements, the use of electrode arc welding repair gear process is as follows: 1. Pre-welding preparation (1) cleaning and cleaning tooth surface before welding tooth surface cleaning, and grinding the tooth surface with an angle grinder so that the tooth surface exposed metallic luster, at the same time Check the tooth surface, no cracks. (2) preparation of electrode selection E5016 or E5017 electrode surfacing bottom, use A102 stainless steel electrode surfacing surface. Electrodes should be dried before use, alkaline low-hydrogen steel electrodes should be dried at 350 ~ 400 ℃ for 1 ~ 2h. Drying the electrode on the incubator at 100 ~ 150 ℃, with the random access.