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目的了解上海市农村人口集中区域—金山区60岁以上老人23价肺炎疫苗免费接种的意愿及其影响因素。方法 2014年8-9月采用横断面调查的方法,多阶段随机抽样调查上海市金山区11个镇(街道)1 101名60岁以上户籍老人对肺炎疫苗接种的意愿、知识、态度和行为及家庭和社会影响因素,利用SPSS统计软件采用χ~2检验和非条件logistic多因素回归分析方法分析接种肺炎疫苗的影响因素。结果上海市金山区1 101名调查对象中,584人(53.0%)愿意接种(包括已接种)23价肺炎疫苗。非条件logistic多因素回归分析显示:在婚(OR=1.57,1.09~2.24,P=0.014)、农业(OR=1.86,1.25~2.77,P=0.008)、自己或家人患过肺炎、老慢支等呼吸系统疾病(OR_(自己)=1.45,1.04~2.02,P=0.030;OR_(家人)=2.38,1.58~3.60,P=0.000)、接种过流感疫苗(OR=1.69,1.08~2.67,P=0.023)、主动获取健康知识(OR=1.51,1.14~1.99,P=0.004)、医生曾建议接种肺炎疫苗(OR=2.02,1.55~2.64,P=0.000)以及同住人文化程度高(OR_(初、高中)=1.98,1.56~2.98,P=0.000;OR_(大专以上)=2.16,1.35~2.90,P=0.000)的老年人更倾向于接种肺炎疫苗。结论上海市金山区老年人肺炎疫苗接种意愿受个人、家庭成员及医护人员三方面影响,应从这三个方面加强宣教工作,推进本区老年人肺炎疫苗接种工作。
Objective To understand the willingness and influence factors of free vaccination of 23-valent pneumonia vaccine for elderly over 60 in Jinshan District, a rural population concentrated area in Shanghai. METHODS: Cross-sectional surveys were conducted from August to September 2014 to investigate the willingness, knowledge, attitude and behavior of 1 101 elderly people over the age of 60 living with pneumonia in 11 towns (streets) in Jinshan District, Shanghai. Family and social factors, using SPSS statistical software using χ ~ 2 test and non-conditional logistic multiple regression analysis of factors influencing the vaccination of pneumonia vaccine. Results Of the 1,101 respondents in Jinshan District of Shanghai, 584 (53.0%) were willing to inoculate (including vaccinated) 23-valent pneumonia vaccine. Non-conditional logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that the risk of pneumonia, chronic bronchitis and chronic bronchitis were significantly higher in males (OR = 1.86, 1.25-2.77, P = 0.008) (OR = 1.45, 1.04 ~ 2.02, P = 0.030; OR_ (family) = 2.38, 1.58 ~ 3.60, P = 0.000) (OR = 1.51, 1.14 to 1.99, P = 0.004). The doctors recommended pneumonia vaccination (OR = 2.02, 1.55-2.64, P = 0.000) Junior high school) = 1.98, 1.56 ~ 2.98, P = 0.000; OR_ (college or above) = 2.16,1.35 ~ 2.90, P = 0.000). Conclusion The intention of vaccination for pneumonia among the elderly in Jinshan District of Shanghai is affected by the three aspects of individuals, family members and medical staff. Publicity and education work should be strengthened from these three aspects to promote pneumonia vaccination among the elderly in this area.