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用 30对SSR引物比较了 5 2份不同生态型的栽培稻和 34份不同省 (区 )的普通野生稻 (简称CWR)的遗传多样性 ,发现在 2 84条多态性带中 ,有栽培稻特异带 15条 (5 .2 % ) ,普通野生稻特异带 117条 (41.2 % ) ,栽培稻与普通野生稻的差异主要来自野生稻。栽培稻和普通野生稻的平均基因多样性分别为 0 .6 7和 0 .9,每一位点在栽培稻中的等位基因平均为 5 .3,而在野生稻中平均为 9.6 ,栽培稻中的等位基因数仅为野生稻的 6 2 % ;野生稻材料间的平均遗传距离为 0 .80 11,远大于栽培稻品种之间的 0 .6 6 0 3,说明野生稻的遗传多样性大于栽培稻。此外 ,籼稻品种与粳稻品种之间的平均遗传距离也明显大于籼、粳亚种内品种间的遗传距离 ,表明籼粳分化是亚洲栽培稻遗传分化的主流。聚类分析结果表明 ,SSR标记既能较好地将栽培稻与野生稻分开 ,又能较好地进行籼粳稻的分类。
30 pairs of SSR primers were used to compare the genetic diversity of 52 wild rice cultivars with different ecotypes and 34 wild rice (CWR) cultivars in different provinces (regions). It was found that among 2884 polymorphic bands, There were 15 (5.2%) of rice specific bands and 117 (41.2%) of common wild rice bands. The difference between cultivated rice and common wild rice mainly came from wild rice. The average genetic diversity of cultivated rice and common wild rice were 0.67 and 0.9, respectively. The average allele number of each locus in cultivated rice was 5.3, while that in wild rice was 9.6, The average number of alleles in rice was only 62.2% of that in wild rice. The average genetic distance between wild rice cultivars was 0.80 11, which was much larger than that of cultivated cultivars Diversity is greater than cultivated rice. In addition, the average genetic distance between indica and japonica cultivars was also significantly greater than that between indica and japonica subspecies, suggesting that indica-japonica differentiation is the mainstay of genetic differentiation in Asian cultivated rice. The results of cluster analysis indicated that SSR markers could not only separate cultivated rice from wild rice well, but also classify indica and japonica better.