前苏联版哲学体系中生产关系理论的根本缺陷是脱离活生生的人的主体活动 ,抽象地理解生产力决定生产关系与上层建筑反作用于经济基础的原理。这些作用必须通过具体现实的人类主体的实践活动来实现。生产关系由人类实践活动中主客体两个方面———社会的主体力量结构与生产力共同生成 ;生产力与生产关系的矛盾本质上是社会总利益与各个群体的利益目的之间的矛盾 ,人的解放与转型是这个矛盾的解决途径。以此鸟瞰历史与当代经济生活 ,可得到一系列新鲜的理论观念与现实结论 The fundamental defect of the theory of production relations in the former Soviet Union version of the philosophical system is that it divides the main activities of living people and abstractly comprehends the principle that productivity determines the relations of production and the superstructure reacts to the economic foundation. These roles must be realized through practical activities of concrete and realistic human subjects. The relations of production are produced by both the subject and the object in the practice of mankind --- the structure of the power of society and the productive forces; the contradiction between the productive forces and the relations of production is essentially the contradiction between the interests of the general society and the interests of all the groups; Liberation and transformation are the contradictory solutions. With this bird’s eye view of history and contemporary economic life, you can get a series of fresh theoretical ideas and realistic conclusions