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近年来由于化学疗法的普及与防痨工作的加强,肺结核及肺炎的发病率明显下降,这对婴儿青少年死亡率降低是一个很大贡献。肺是与外界直接相通的特殊内脏器官,近代由于工业大发展,大气污染的加重。可直接对肺造成伤害,加上老化影响等原因,故近年来带有世界性问题就是在青年人中肺炎、肺结核的发病率在减少,在老年人当中则有增多的趋势。慢性阻塞性肺病在40岁以上者患病率较高(见图),故临床医师应重视老年人肺病的诊疗问题。
In recent years, the prevalence of tuberculosis and pneumonia has dropped significantly due to the popularization of chemotherapy and anti-tuberculosis work, which is a great contribution to the reduction of infant and adolescent mortality. The lung is a special internal organ directly connected with the outside world. Due to the great development of the industry in the modern times, the air pollution aggravates. It can directly cause harm to the lungs, coupled with the aging effects and other reasons. Therefore, the global problem in recent years is that pneumonia is among young people. The incidence of tuberculosis is declining, while there is an increasing trend among the elderly. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 40 years of age and above a higher prevalence (see photo), so clinicians should pay attention to the elderly diagnosis and treatment of lung disease.