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光抽运铷脉泽是最新发展的一种原子频标。从体积小、结构简单方面考虑,它是第一个能代替晶体振荡器的原子频率标准。它是所有频标中唯一具有这些优点和(由于脉泽原理而达到)相位稳定度非常高的设备。这种设备产生的微波输出是铷~(87)基态的超精细频率6835兆赫。这个脉泽是由充满铷~(87)蒸汽和氮的微波腔体组成。当铷蒸汽被已过滤的铷共振辐射的光照射时,产生振荡。脉泽的输出功率是10~(-10)瓦。还可以期望更高的功率输出。本文将介绍铷脲泽的物理原理和它的结构。同时讨论了光抽运、缓冲气体和温度对脉泽的影响。给出了实验结果。在观察时间约1秒的短期稳定度预计约1×10~(-12)。由于增加输出功率到10~(-8)瓦,短期稳定度还可提高。长期稳定度预计比得上已经获得的无源铷频标(约1×10~(-11)/每月)。由于压强漂移、光漂移、腔体牵引和缓冲气体化学成份的变化引起缓慢的频率波动。由于采用铷脉泽作为原子束频标的“飞轮”,长期稳定度可以改善。这种组合能够期望长期和短期稳定度都优于1×10~(-13)。
Optical pumping of rubidium chalcone is the latest development of an atomic frequency standard. From the small size, simple structure, it is the first atomic frequency to replace the crystal oscillator frequency standard. It is the only device with these advantages and very high phase stability (due to the maze principle) of all frequency standards. The microwave output produced by this device is the ultrafine frequency of 6835 MHz for the rubidium ~ (87) ground state. This maser is made up of a microwave cavity filled with rubidium ~ (87) steam and nitrogen. Oscillation occurs when rubidium vapor is irradiated with filtered rubidium resonance radiation. Maze output power is 10 ~ (-10) watts. It is also possible to expect higher power output. This article describes the physical principle of rubidium urazide and its structure. The effects of light pumping, buffer gas and temperature on the maze are also discussed. The experimental results are given. The short-term stability at the observation time of about 1 second is estimated to be about 1 × 10 ~ (-12). Due to increased output power to 10 ~ (-8) watts, short-term stability can be increased. Long-term stability is expected to be comparable to that of passive rubidium (about 1 × 10 -11 / month) already obtained. Due to pressure drift, changes in light drift, cavity drag and buffer gas chemical composition cause slow frequency fluctuations. Long-term stability can be improved due to the use of the rubidium maze as the “flywheel” for the atomic beam frequency signature. This combination can expect both long term and short term stability to be better than 1 × 10 ~ (-13).