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小麦拔节期和扬花期施氮对籽粒产量和蛋白质含量有明显的调控效应。拔节期施氮对产量影响较大,扬花期施氮不仅可以提高籽粒蛋白质含量,而且可以调节蛋白质组分。拔节期施氮量(硫铵)在每亩25～55kg时,籽粒产量随施氮量的增加而递增,籽粒蛋白质含量与产量也同步增长;超过55kg,仍有增产作用,但经济效益降低。增加扬花期施氮量,籽粒蛋白质含量增高。拔节期和扬花期两个时期增加施氮量,盐溶蛋白含量降低。醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白含量增加,残渣蛋白保持稳定。
Nitrogen application at jointing and flowering stage of wheat had obvious regulation effects on grain yield and protein content. The effects of nitrogen application on grain yield at jointing stage were significant. Nitrogen addition at flowering stage could not only increase grain protein content but also regulate protein composition. At jointing stage, nitrogen application rate (ammonium sulphate) was 25-55 kg per acre, grain yield increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate, grain protein content and yield also increased at the same time. When the content of ammonium exceeded 55 kg, the yield was still increased, but the economic benefit decreased. Increasing nitrogen application at flowering stage increased grain protein content. The jointing stage and flowering stage increased the amount of nitrogen application and salt content decreased. Gliadin and gluten content increased, residue protein remained stable.