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目的评价山东省减盐项目对该省部分县(市、区)居民盐与高血压相关知识改善的效果,为干预措施的制定提供科学依据。方法山东省自2011年启动全人群综合减盐干预,采用整群随机抽样方法分别于2011、2013年对3 061、1 206例18~69岁常住居民进行基线与中期评估问卷调查,利用赋分法进行知识得分评价,了解干预前后居民相关知识知晓率变化,运用χ2检验、t检验、多重线性回归分析对率和知识得分进行比较分析。结果经过两年多的干预,居民12个分项知识知晓率均有提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。居民盐与高血压综合知识水平得分由2011年的(4.15±3.05)分增至2013年的(6.67±2.97)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。与2011年比较,2013年农村与城市居民知识平均分均有所增加(P<0.01),不同年龄组居民知识平均分均有所增加(P<0.01),50~59岁与60~69岁年龄组平均分增加较多。经多重线性回归校正城乡与年龄构成的影响后,总体知识得分增加2.40分。结论减盐干预明显提高了居民盐与高血压相关知识水平,农村居民及老年人知识提高较为明显,城市居民及青壮年劳动力人口干预措施需加强。
Objective To evaluate the effect of salt reduction project in Shandong Province on the improvement of knowledge about salt and hypertension in some counties (cities and districts) in the province, and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of intervention measures. Methods Shandong Province started the comprehensive salt-lowering intervention for whole population since 2011. The randomized sampling method was used to conduct the baseline and intermediate assessment questionnaires of 3,061,120 permanent residents aged 18 to 69 years in 2011 and 2013, Method of knowledge score evaluation, understanding of residents before and after the change of awareness of relevant knowledge, using χ2 test, t test, multiple linear regression analysis of the rate and knowledge scores were analyzed. Results After more than two years ’intervention, the awareness rate of residents’ 12 items increased, with statistical significance (P <0.01). Residents salt and hypertension comprehensive knowledge score from 2011 (4.15 ± 3.05) points to 2013 (6.67 ± 2.97) points, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Compared with 2011, the average scores of knowledge of rural and urban residents increased in 2013 (P <0.01), and the average scores of knowledge of residents in different age groups increased (P <0.01), while those in 50 to 59 years and 60 to 69 years The average age group increased more. After multiple linear regression was used to correct the influence of urban-rural and age composition, the overall knowledge score increased 2.40 points. Conclusions The intervention with salt reduction significantly increased the knowledge level of salt and hypertension among residents. The improvement of knowledge of rural residents and the elderly is obvious, and the population intervention among urban residents and young adults needs to be strengthened.