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目的 评价 1992～ 1998年江苏省世界银行贷款项目血吸虫病健康教育的效果。方法 按分层随机抽样法 ,在不同类型流行区抽取 9个试点县 ,每个试点县各抽取 1个行政村 ,以 7～ 60岁的居民为目标人群 ,并根据不同目标人群接触疫水方式和感染血吸虫的特点 ,分为成年男性、妇女、学生 3个组。在基线调查基础上 ,分别对 3组目标人群连续 7年实施针对性干预措施 ,用定性和定量方法对干预效果进行评价。结果 实施干预后 ,目标人群血防知识知晓率分别由 5 0 3 %、 48 9%和 5 1 2 %上升为 90 0 %、 88 9%和 96 0 %。娱乐性和生活性接触疫水率分别由 8 68%、 2 8 5 7%下降为 2 15 %、 18 5 0 %。查病和化疗依从率由 61 1%、 73 0 %上升为 92 2 %、97 9%。血吸虫感染率 (COPT)分别由 2 96%、 2 41%、 1 88%下降为 1 3 2 %、 0 63 %、 0 3 3 %。结论 健康教育能有效地控制血吸虫病 ,并对血吸虫病其他防治措施具有促进作用。以学校和农村卫生保健网络为基础的健康促进模式是血吸虫病健康教育有效的干预策略
Objective To evaluate the effect of schistosomiasis health education in the World Bank loan project in Jiangsu Province from 1992 to 1998. Methods According to the stratified random sampling method, 9 pilot counties were selected from different types of endemic areas, 1 administrative village was selected from each pilot counties, 7- to 60-year-old residents were the target population, and the target population was exposed to the epidemic water The characteristics of schistosomiasis are classified into three groups: adult males, women, and students. Based on the baseline survey, targeted interventions were conducted for 3 groups of target population for 7 consecutive years, and qualitative and quantitative methods were used to evaluate the effects of the intervention. Results After the intervention, the awareness rate of schistosomiasis knowledge in the target population increased from 503, 48%, and 512% to 90%, 88%, and 96%, respectively. The epidemic rate of recreational and living sexual contact decreased from 8 68% and 2 8 5 7% to 215% and 185% respectively. The compliance rate of investigation and chemotherapy increased from 61 1% to 730% to 92 9.2% and 97 9%. The schistosomiasis infection rate (COPT) decreased from 2 96%, 2 41%, and 188% to 13 2%, 0 63%, and 0 3 3%, respectively. Conclusion Health education can effectively control schistosomiasis and promote other schistosomiasis control measures. The health promotion model based on the school and rural health care network is an effective intervention strategy for schistosomiasis health education