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婴幼儿死亡率是反映一个地区卫生保健工作效果及居民健康水平最敏感性指标,也是衡量社会发展程度重要标志之一。做好初级卫生保健工作,不仅有利干计划生育基本国策的落实,而且也有助于降低婴幼儿死亡率。一、云南省婴幼儿的死亡水平(见表1～2) 从表2可看出:云南省婴儿死亡率高于全国的0.8倍,婴儿死亡占0～14岁儿童死亡总数的67％。5岁以下儿童死亡率云南省比全国低,但5岁以下儿童死亡率占0～14岁儿童死亡总数的88％。云南省婴幼儿死亡率高于发达国家,其原因主要是①云南地处边疆,山区面积所占比重大,②少数民族多,③经济文化落后,生活水平低,④医疗保健设施不健全。
Infant mortality is the most sensitive indicator of the effectiveness of health care in a region and the health of residents. It is also one of the important indicators for measuring the degree of social development. Good primary health care will not only help implement the basic national policy on family planning, but will also help reduce the infant and child mortality rate. First, the level of infant mortality in Yunnan Province (see Table 1 ~ 2) can be seen from Table 2: Yunnan infant mortality rate is 0.8 times higher than the national average, infant deaths accounted for 67% of the total number of deaths of children aged 0 to 14 years. The death rate of children under 5 years of age is lower than that of the whole country, but the death rate of children under 5 years old accounts for 88% of the total deaths of children aged 0-14 years. The infant mortality rate in Yunnan Province is higher than that in developed countries. The main reasons are: ① Yunnan is located in frontier and mountainous areas; ② There are many ethnic minorities; ③ The economy and culture are backward; the living standard is low; ④ The health care facilities are not perfect.