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在分析美国和苏联钻井绞车刹车副发展过程的基础上,文章指明了在提高刹车副的工作能力与使用寿命方面,美国主要是采用编织型刹车块,并合理地与其它类型刹车块组合使用;采用水冷刹车鼓。苏联着重于刹车副的基础理论和试验研究。文章分析了温度是引起刹车块损坏的主要原因。对有冷却装置的刹车鼓是属于磨粒磨损破坏;自然通风冷却的刹车鼓是属于热疲劳破坏,从而产生网状裂纹和脆裂断裂。刹车鼓表面出现热斑点的凹坑损坏也是共同的现象。文章分析了刹车副的下钻工况(下钻负荷、速度和刹车方式等)是导致刹车副破坏的重要因素。文章通过对刹车鼓测温、比压分布规律等的研究,以及对带刹车吸收的摩擦功的研究,提出了实测数据和理论计算方法。文章后部分,对如何提高刹车副工作的稳定性,以及提高刹车副使用寿命的途径都作了较详细地论述。
Based on the analysis of the development process of brake winches of drilling winches in the United States and the Soviet Union, the article indicates that in the United States, braided brake pads are mainly used in combination with other types of brake pads to improve the working ability and service life of brake pads. Water-cooled brake drum. The Soviet Union focuses on the basic theory and experimental study of the brake. The paper analyzes the temperature is the main reason for brake block damage. The brake drum with cooling device belongs to abrasive wear damage; naturally ventilated cooling brake drum belongs to thermal fatigue damage, resulting in mesh-like cracks and brittle fracture. Brake drum surface hot spots appear pit damage is also common phenomenon. The paper analyzes the brake under the drilling conditions (drill load, speed and braking methods, etc.) is an important factor leading to brake damage. The article puts forward the measured data and the theoretical calculation method through the research on the brake drum temperature measurement, the pressure distribution law and the friction work with brake absorption. In the last part of the article, it discusses in detail how to improve the stability of the braking work and how to improve the service life of the brake.