(一)引言在作水輪机的計算时,通常所要求得的不是水流作用于轉輪叶上的合力,而是这个力在圓周速度方向上以及与圓周速度相垂直的方向上的分力。前者使水輪机產生轉矩發生机械功,而后者由水輪机主軸之軸承所承担,因而發生摩擦反力矩。在設計水轮时,一切主要零件如主軸、軸承、动力傳动齒輪,傳动軸、轉叶强度等的計算,均將以此为根据,因此,此二力是水輪机零件計算的基礎。 (A) Introduction In the calculation of a turbine, what is usually required is not the resultant force of the water flow acting on the rotor blade, but the component of this force in the circumferential velocity direction and in the direction perpendicular to the circumferential velocity . The former causes the turbine to produce mechanical work of torque, while the latter is borne by the bearing of the main shaft of the turbine, so that the frictional reaction torque occurs. In the design of the water wheel, all the major components such as the spindle, bearings, power transmission gear, drive shaft, blade strength, etc. will be based on this, therefore, these two forces is the basis for calculation of turbine components .