论文部分内容阅读
通过对敦煌莫高窟防沙历史的综合总结和分析 ,认为莫高窟作为我国乃至世界古代灿烂文化艺术的瑰宝 ,是甘肃对外交流的主要窗口之一 ,也是我国重要的旅游地之一。单纯的消极人工清沙已远远不能适应现代社会对生态环境质量的需要和旅游业作为该地区经济发展基本点的要求。那么 ,创造一个良好的旅游生态环境及文物保护工作环境 ,不仅有利于整个窟区生态环境的改善 ,且其示范效应将带动本地区乃至整个河西地区的荒漠化治理。根据风沙环境特征 ,提出了莫高窟防护体系建立的主导思想是 :以防治西北、西南主害风为主 ,根据鸣沙山、砂 (砾 )质戈壁、窟顶崖面等不同地带的具体风沙运动规律 ,采取以固为主 ,固、阻、输、导相结合的防护原则 ,以切断或削弱鸣沙山沙源和固定流沙 ,并消除沙砾质戈壁面的就地起沙为目的 ,建立一个由工程、生物、化学措施组成的多层次、多功能的综合防护体系 ,从根本上消除风沙活动对莫高窟的危害。同时对莫高窟综合防护体系建设的总体布局及防护宽度、砾石铺压的基本原理作了一个初步的探讨
Through summarizing and analyzing the history of sand control in Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, it is considered that Mogao Grottoes, as the treasure of ancient and splendid culture and art in our country and even in the world, is one of the main windows of Gansu’s foreign exchange and one of the important tourist destinations in China. Purely passive artificial sand clearing is far from being able to meet the needs of the modern society for the quality of ecological environment and the requirements of tourism as a basic point of economic development in the region. So, to create a good environment for tourism and cultural relics protection will not only help to improve the ecological environment of the whole cave area, but also its demonstration effect will drive the desertification control in this area and even the entire Hexi area. According to the characteristics of wind and sand environment, the author puts forward the guiding principle that the protection system of Mogao Grottoes should be set up. The main idea is to control the main wind in Northwest and Southwest China. According to the specific conditions of different areas such as Mingsha Mountain, sand and gravel, Wind and sand movement, to take the solid-based, solid, resistance, transport and guide the combination of protection principles to cut off or weaken the Mingsha Shan source and fixed quicksand, and eliminate gravel geological gobi for the purpose of starting the sand, The establishment of a multi-level, multi-functional integrated protection system consisting of engineering, biological and chemical measures will fundamentally eliminate the damage caused by sand-blown activities to Mogao Grottoes. At the same time, the overall layout of Mogao Grottoes comprehensive protection system and the basic principles of protective width and gravel deposition are discussed.