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引言巴甫洛夫认为学习是条件反射形成的过程,需要无关刺激和非条件刺激在时间上的多次结合,即强化。行为——认知学派代表之一托尔曼主张学习并不完全依赖于强化,他提出了潜在学习这一行为模式。大白鼠的单一视觉观察学习是一个绕有兴趣的问题,一直未见实验报导。非强化的视觉观察在大白鼠的学习中是否具有作用,对记忆能力又有何影响?搞请这些问题,对于我们选用适宜的方法提高学习、记忆效率,都具有重要的参考价值。
Introduction Pavlov believes that learning is the process of the formation of conditioned reflexes, requiring multiple combinations of irrelevant stimuli and unconditional stimuli in time, that is, intensification. Tolman, a behavioral-cognitive school representative, argued that learning does not depend entirely on reinforcement and that he proposed a pattern of potential learning. Learning from a single visual observation of a rat is an intriguing issue that has not been reported experimentally. Does non-enhanced visual observation play an important role in the learning of rats and has an impact on memory? Engaging these questions has important reference value for us to choose the appropriate method to improve the learning and memory efficiency.