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研究开发出一种用于大传感标距测量的新型光纤光栅(FBG)应变传感器,提出一种基于预张拉原理的传感器封装方法。分别开发出传感标距为10cm与20cm的大标距FBG应变传感器,预张拉稳定性试验结果表明,传感器内的预张拉水平可以保持在一稳定水平。应用等截面梁标定方法研究了该传感器的应变灵敏特性,结果显示,传感器布拉格波长与大标距内的平均应变具有非常好的线性关系。应用水浴法研究了该传感器的温度灵敏特性,结果显示,传感器布拉格波长与温度具有非常好的线性关系。最后,通过与小标距裸FBG的对比试验研究其测量大标距内平均应变的性能,结果显示,传感器可以准确测量大标距内的平均应变。
A new type of FBG strain sensor for large sensing gage length measurement is developed. A method of sensor encapsulation based on pre-tensioning principle is proposed. The FBG strain sensors with large gauge with sensing gage of 10cm and 20cm were developed respectively. The results of prestressing stability test show that the pretensioning level in the sensor can be kept at a stable level. The strain sensitivity characteristics of the sensor were studied by the method of isometric beam calibration. The results show that the Bragg wavelength of the sensor has a very good linear relationship with the average strain in the large gauge. The water bath method was used to study the temperature sensitivity of the sensor. The results show that the wavelength of the sensor has a very good linear relationship with the temperature. Finally, the performance of measuring the average strain in the large gauge is studied by comparing with the bare gauge FBG. The results show that the sensor can accurately measure the average strain in the large gauge.