长沙三家国有企业通过“两个置换”实现了国有经济从竞争性领域退出，实现了国有企业改革的突破，应该说，改革的方向是对的，值得肯定。在国有企业改制过程中，对于经营者或职工，如果采取完全无偿送股的做法，平均持股，是不可能产生效益的，必须实行有偿置换。即像长沙所做 The three state-owned enterprises in Changsha realized the exit of the state-owned economy from the competitive sector through “two permutations” and achieved a breakthrough in the reform of state-owned enterprises. We should say that the direction of the reform is right and worthy of recognition. In the course of the restructuring of state-owned enterprises, it is impossible for operators or employees to take an average shareholding if they take the method of completely offering their shares for free and their benefits can not be realized. Therefore, they must carry out replacement with compensation. That is done like Changsha