党的十八届五中全会确立了实行省以下环保机构监测监察执法垂直管理,这是我国环境管理体制的重大变革,对推动环境治理工作有重要的意义。本文首先将阐述传统“双重领导”的环境管理体制存在的弊端,然后重点介绍垂直管理之后对我国环境保护工作的积极影响及相关完善意见。 The Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee established the implementation of vertical management of monitoring, supervision and law-enforcement by environmental protection agencies below the provincial level. This is a major change in China’s environmental management system and is of great significance in promoting environmental governance. This article will first explain the shortcomings of the traditional “dual leadership” environmental management system, and then focus on the positive impact of vertical management on China’s environmental protection work and related improvements.