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目的探讨高校学生喜甜特性(sweet liking)与猎奇性特征(novelty seeking,NS)相结合作为预测酒精滥用行为指标的效度,为揭示高校学生酒精滥用的影响因素提供参考。方法通过广告招募温州地区4所高校具有饮酒经历的500名学生参加研究,通过标准甜度测试法、三维人格(TPQ问卷)、AUDIT(Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test,AUDIT)量表对所有的受试者分别进行喜甜特性、三维人格猎奇性特征、酒精滥用家族史测定,由临床医师对所有受试者面谈进行酒精滥用诊断。结果共检出酒精滥用阳性者115例,其中男生103例,女生12例。单因素分析显示,不同性别、家族史、喜甜特性受试者之间的酒精滥用比例差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。Logistic回归分析发现,性别、喜甜特性、高NS分、家族史阳性均是酒精滥用的影响因素。喜甜特性者酒精滥用比值比为2.814(95%CI=2.178～3.637),高NS分者酒精滥用比值比为2.404(95%CI=1.984～2.973),以喜甜特性合并高NS分值酒精滥用比值比为11.322(95%CI=5.250～24.420)。以喜甜特性结合高NS分值作为指标,筛查酒精滥用的灵敏度为60.86%,特异度为98.42%。结论喜甜特性和高NS分值均是酒精滥用的危险因素。喜甜特性结合高NS分值能够提高筛查酒精滥用风险的效度,可以作为评估方法应用于高校学生酒精滥用的初步筛查。
Objective To explore the validity of the combination of sweet liking and novelty seeking (NS) among college students as predictors of alcohol abuse and to provide references for revealing the influencing factors of alcohol abuse among college students. Methods 500 students with alcohol drinking experiences from 4 colleges and universities in Wenzhou area were enrolled in the study. The standard sweetness test, the three-dimensional personality test (TPQ) and the AUDIT (AUDIT) They carried out hi sweet characteristics, three-dimensional personality novelty characteristics, family history of alcohol abuse, clinicians were interviewed for alcohol abuse diagnosis of all subjects. Results A total of 115 cases of alcohol abuse were detected, including 103 boys and 12 girls. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the proportion of alcohol abuse between subjects with different gender, family history and sweet taste (P <0.01). Logistic regression analysis found that gender, sweet taste, high NS score, positive family history were the influencing factors of alcohol abuse. The ratio of alcohol abuse to sweetness was 2.814 (95% CI = 2.178-3.637), and the ratio of alcohol abuse to high NS was 2.404 (95% CI = 1.984-2.973) The abuse ratio was 11.322 (95% CI = 5.250-24.420). With hi-sweet characteristics combined with high NS score as an indicator, the sensitivity of screening for alcohol abuse was 60.86% and the specificity was 98.42%. Conclusions Both sweetness characteristics and high NS scores are risk factors for alcohol abuse. The combination of hi-sweet characteristics and high NS scores can increase the validity of screening for alcohol abuse risk and can be used as an assessment method for primary screening of alcohol abuse among college students.