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南宋理学家朱熹(1130—1200,以下通称“朱子”)是中国思想史上为数不多的将经学与哲学、礼学与理学融会贯通的学者,因而其礼学思想具有浓郁的义理色彩。朱子通过对传统礼学中“仪”与“义”、“知”与“行”、“本”与“文”等三对辩证关系的阐释,一方面重新审视了《三礼》(《周礼》《仪礼》《礼记》)的演绎方式,另一方面通过编纂《仪礼经传通解》与《家礼》来完成对《三礼》的重新改造。在“古礼”与“今制”、“王礼”与“家礼”的互动过程中,朱子意欲重构“程序”与“义理”相互支撑的传统礼学二元体系,同时阐释其“天理之节文,人事之仪则”的“礼理一体”思想。进而言之,朱子想要建构的是“欲治其国,先观其家”的礼学秩序,这种秩序既要回答“于国家所以崇化导民”的共时性问题,又要回答“礼从先进之意”的历时性问题;这种秩序是“礼理一体”的性理思想在家国之间的具体实施,既是朱子对《三礼》“仪义互彰”思想的另一种表达,又直接影响着他“知行合一”的礼经编纂活动。
The scholar of the Southern Song Dynasty Zhu Xi (1130-1200, hereinafter referred to as “Zhu Zi”) is one of the few scholars in the history of Chinese thought who integrates Confucian classics with philosophy, rituals and sciences, so his ritual thinking has a strong sense of righteousness. Through the interpretation of three dialectical relations such as “Yi” and “Yi”, “Zhi” and “Xing”, “ On the one hand, it reexamined the deductive ways of ”Three Rituals“ (”ritual“ ”ritual“ and ”ritual“). On the other hand, Reconstruction. In the process of the interaction between ”ancient ceremony “ and ”present system “, ”Wang Li “ and ”home ceremony “, Zhu intends to reconstruct ”procedure “ and ”justice “ mutual support The traditional system of courtesy dual system, at the same time explain its ”the righteous text, the principle of personnel “ ”ritual one “ thought. In other words, what Zhu wants to construct is the ritual order of rituals of ”wanting to rule the country, first of all seeing his home“. This order should not only answer the synchronic question of ”guiding the people of Chonghua in the country“ , But also to answer the diachronic question of ”ritual from advanced meaning“; this kind of order is the concrete implementation of the sexual thoughts of ”ritual and integration“ among the home countries, Another manifestation of the meaning of each other ”, but also directly affects his “ comprehension of unity of knowledge and practice ”of the etiquette activities.