纳米技术的兴起,对生物医学领域的变革产生了深远的影响。纳米材料是纳米技术发展的重要基础,它具有许多传统材料所不具备的独特的理化性质,因此在生物医学、传感器等重要技术领域有着广泛的应用前景。对几类常见的纳米材料包括纳米金、量子点、磁性纳米粒子、碳纳米管和硅纳米线在蛋白质、DNA、金属离子以及生物相关分子检测方面的应用进行综述。 The rise of nanotechnology has had a profound impact on the evolution of biomedicine. Nanomaterials are an important foundation for the development of nanotechnology. Due to their unique physical and chemical properties that many traditional materials do not possess, nanomaterials have broad application prospects in such important biomedical and sensor fields. The applications of several common nanomaterials including gold nanoparticles, quantum dots, magnetic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes and silicon nanowires in the detection of proteins, DNA, metal ions and biologically relevant molecules are reviewed.