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古代社会的工农业关系是中国经济史的重要问题之一.本文试图通过有关古代社会分工、主要是工农业生产的分离及其相互关系结构的分析,探索其对青铜器时代中国社会经济结构的独特影响.(一)上古时期,人类对经济活动的选择在很大程度上要受自然条件的约束与限制.自然条件对人类生产效率的影响远远大于人类生产的能力.“不同的公社在其各自的自然环境中找到不同的生产资料和不同的生活资料;因此,他们的生产方式、生活方式和产品也就各不相同.”自然环境特点决定了生产的方式.“水处者渔,山处者木,谷处者牧,陆处者农,地宜者事”.中国黄河中下游地区,土壤肥沃,农业耕作最早在此产生和发展起来,成为开发最早的农业区和古代文明的发祥地.
The relationship between industry and agriculture in ancient times is one of the important issues in the history of Chinese economy.This paper tries to explore the uniqueness of China's social and economic structure in the Bronze Age through the analysis of the division of labor in the ancient society, mainly the separation of industrial and agricultural production and the structure of its interrelationships (1) In ancient times, the choice of economic activities by human beings was bound and limited to a great extent by natural conditions, which had far greater effects on the productivity of mankind than their capacity for human production. “The different communes Their own natural environment to find different means of production and different means of subsistence; therefore, their mode of production, way of life and products will vary. ”Natural environment determines the mode of production. " In the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in China, the soil is fertile and agricultural cultivation was first developed and developed here, becoming the earliest agricultural area to be developed and The birthplace of ancient civilization.