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用水做切割“工具”水力切割工艺可追溯到1950年,当时主要在木材上进行试验。1971年出现第一台连续喷射的水压设备用于切割岩石,现已通过大量试验证明,此法用于切割非金属材料有广阔的前途。美国Flow Industries Inc于1974年造出第一台水切割设备,已投入使用。该设备由泵压系统、管道、喷嘴和定位工作台等部件组成。喷出的水是一股凝聚力很强的喷流,在调好喷嘴与工件间的距离后,切割精度为±0.008英寸,切断能力为40～200in/min。切割时产生的切屑粉末物是利用水在2900英尺/秒高速喷射下形成的局部真空将其吸走,并起除尘的作用。设备的主要部件是泵压系统(附图),是一只通用的柱塞水泵,在往复式油缸作用下,推动柱塞压入泵的密封缸体内,
Water-cutting “tools” hydraulic cutting processes can be traced back to 1950 when they were mainly tested on wood. In 1971, the first continuous injection hydraulic pressure equipment was used to cut rock. It has been proved through extensive experiments that this method has broad prospects for cutting non-metallic materials. The United States Flow Industries Inc created the first water cutting equipment in 1974 and it has been put into use. The equipment consists of pump pressure system, piping, nozzles and positioning table. The ejected water is a jet with strong cohesion. After adjusting the distance between the nozzle and the workpiece, the cutting accuracy is ±0.008 inches and the cutting capacity is 40 to 200 in/min. The swarf powder produced during cutting is sucked away by the partial vacuum formed by water at a high speed of 2900 ft/sec, and acts as a dust collector. The main component of the equipment is the pump pressure system (drawings), which is a universal plunger pump. Under the action of the reciprocating cylinder, the plunger is pushed into the sealed cylinder of the pump.