论文部分内容阅读
在中国近代史上,列强通过与清政府签订不平条约,获取一系列侵略权益,其中,包括战争赔款。在主要的不平等条约中,中英《南京条约》规定赔偿英国2100万银元,《马关条约》规定赔偿日本军费白银2亿两,《辛丑条约》规定清政府向各国赔偿白银4.5亿两。我们不禁疑惑:为什么只有《南京条约》的赔款单位使用“银元”呢?为了便于理解,我们将问题分层处理,首先分析为什么中英《南京条约》中赔款单位使用“银元”而不是中国白银“两”?原因1:鸦片战争前长期的出超地位使清政府外汇储备中存有大量西班牙银元在鸦片战争之前的中外贸易(主要是中英贸易)中,清政府的闭关锁国政策和中国自给自足的自然经济形态,顽强地抵制英国工业产品的倾销;而中国传统的民族产品,则在英国市场畅销。所
In modern Chinese history, the powers gained a series of aggressive rights and interests through signing the unequal treaties with the Qing government, including the war reparations. Among the major unequal treaties, the Sino-British Treaty of Nanking provides for the compensation of 21 million U.S. dollars for the UK and the “Treaty of Shimonoseki” for the compensation of 200 million U.S. dollars for Japan’s military expenditures. The “Sin-Uganda Treaty” stipulates that the Qing Government will compensate each country with 450 million U.S. dollars . We can not help wondering why only “Nanjing Treaty” claims units use “silver dollars”? In order to facilitate understanding, we will stratify the issue and first analyze why the China-UK Treaty of Nanjing claims units use “silver dollars” Rather than China’s silver “Two ” Reason 1: The long-term oversupply position before the Opium War kept a large amount of Spanish silver currency in the Qing government’s foreign exchange reserves. During the Sino-British trade before the Opium War, the Qing government Of the closed-door policy and China’s self-sufficient natural economic form, tenaciously resist the dumping of British industrial products; while the traditional Chinese national products, then the UK market. The